1 National Space Centre Museum in Leicester
  莱斯特国家航天中心博物馆
Architect
Grimshaw, Nicholas & Partners
Specialist Planner
Land Use Consultants
Montresor Partnership
Structural Engineer
Ove Arup + Partners

Forming part of the National Space Science Centre, this 42-metre-high exhibition tower adopts the aesthetics of space travel. Stretched between a lightweight steel structure, the facade consists of three-layer ETFE-membrane cushions 3 m high and up to 20 m in length. The polythene material is resistant to UV radiation and has a self-cleaning surface. With a gridded coating it was possible to achieve varying degrees of transparency. Although the material has an expected life of 60 years, the fixings are designed to facilitate the replacement both of individual cushions and of the existing rockets with new ones. The three-dimensional curved form of the tower and the lightweight facade material allowed the legible steel structure to be reduced to a minimum.

室内透视

立面

立面２

设计效果图

２Zurich Zoo - New Masoala Rainforest
　苏黎世动物园热带雨林馆

Membrane structure: Cushions made of ETFE-foil for roof and facade areas
Primary structure: Primary structure Parabolicly curved arched trusses as
Vierendeel girder made of welded hollow sectional steel
Location: Zoo Zurich, Switzerland
Period of installation: Steel structure: 12/2001 till 04/2002
Cushion structure: 03/2002 till 06/2002
Date of opening: 06/2003
Client: Zoo Zurich
Architects: Gautschi Storrer, Zurich
Design planning: Planergemeinschaft Madagaskarhalle, Zurich
Realization by: ARGE Masoala Regenwald (i.e. Masoala Rain Forest
Consortium) consisting of Covertex GmbH (D), Sch[$auml]tti AG (CH),
Schneider Stahlbau AG (CH)
Planning of cushion
structure:
Engineering + Design GbR, Rosenheim (D)
Membrane data: Material: ETFE- foil, three-layered, as double-layered cushions
Roof area: approx. 11.400m[$sup2]
Facade area: approx. 3.200m[$sup2]
Thickness of foil: Roof: 200μm, 100μm, 180μm
Facade: 200μm, 100μm, 150μm
Area weight: Roof: 810 g/m[$sup2], Facade: 760 g/m[$sup2]
Light transmission: approx. 94% (UV-A, UV-B transmission approx. 95%)
Tensile strength: 52N/mm[$sup2]
Fire class: DIN 4102 - B1

建筑立面

室内透视

3 Manchester Piccadilly Station
曼彻斯特皮卡迪利 铁路枢纽站

室内透视

室内透视2

4 The Allianz Arena in Munich
   德国慕尼黑竞技场
ArchitectHerzog & de Meuron
AuthorDürr, AlfredFindei[$szlig], Rudolf

具体说明
www.arup.com/DOWNLOADBANK/download502.pdf

立面

5 Pavilion at Earth Centre
  英国地球中心馆

Status:in use
Location:Doncaster, England, United Kingdom
Structural Type:Membrane structure frame-supported
Function / usage:Water filtration plant

ArchitectureAlsop Architects
Structural engineeringAtelier one
General contractorBovis Construction Ltd.

Technical informationPart of structure Description Value
Construction materials usedMembraneETFE foil
Building structureSteel

由于ETFE具有极好的透光性能，因而特别适合用来建造需人工模拟自然环境的建筑场所如动植物园、人工雨林等。从建于80年代初的jungle house到2001年的伊甸园再到几个月前刚建成的Masoala 雨林，都堪称这方面的代表之作。
就造价而言，虽然ETFE气垫的价格不比玻璃低，但由于其质量极轻，因而在整体结构及基础方面的节省还是相当可观的。

结构特点

1. ETFE膜材可以大尺度的加工,与传统的屋面覆材相比,可以用于更大跨度的结构.这给工程人员提供了整合屋面覆材和主体结构设计的机会,同时发展简单化和典雅风格.

2. 由于ETFE膜材本身的韧性, 高抗拉强度,超过300-400%的延展性范围,使得FTFE系统能够自然的应付非常大的结构误差.

3. 由于独一无二的轻质特性, 可以用于更新结构的开发和应用,比如Uniaxial cable nets and large scale geodesics.

4.有关参数
PropertyValueTest Method
Density1.75 ± 0.05 g/cm3DIN 53479 at 23°C
Ultimate Tensile Strength40

环境(阳光)控制和可变表皮

1.ETFE的多层膜材构造,可以被开发成气候(感应)的(建筑)外维护体系: 这可以通过感应环境的变化,并改变其自身的绝缘(保温)性亦即阳光投射率来达到.

2.多层膜材通常可以用重叠印刷图案在不同的层面上,通过整合气枕和精密的充气系统,达到控制投射率的目的.

3. 这样的技术不仅仅可以控制阳光透过率,也同时带来了不同的外观.

4气枕和精密的充气系统的结合,不仅仅可以改变气枕内部的压力(number of air chambers),也改变了热传导系数(U value)

Project:
Duales Pavilion

Location:
Hannover Expo 2000, Germany

Architect:
Atelier Brückner

Size:
1,800 sqm

When:
2000

Notes:
For the World Exposition 2000 in Hannover, Germany, the "Duales System” (a German recycling project) had a pavilion that utilized Texlon Foil Systems for both wall and roof envelopes.

The wall system had a positive/ negative leaf pattern printed on the outer two of the three-layer system. These foil cushions, with a 3% pattern overlap, were pneumatically able to transform the wall envelope from a translucent to an opaque system - allowing for the dramatic presentation of a tornado to be performed within.

After each performance, the wall then transformed back to a 45% transparent state. The roof of this pavilion was one of the world's largest foil cushions, over 25m in diameter, and featuring a series of fabric tubes within the system that could expand or contract to adjust transparency of the system in relation to the performance.

The Texlon system was selected not only for its variable transparency technologies but also for its ecological characteristics. Not only are the materials in Vector Foiltec's system “green” but even more profound are the sustainable design opportunities afforded.

The foil products have an extremely low energy consumption during their manufacturing process; and the complete system weighs between 50 and 90 percent less than systems made from other materials with comparable properties - further conserving on the structural system needed to support the cladding.

Part of the system is manufactured from recycled materials and the entire system can ultimately be returned to our facility to be recycled at the end of the project's life. The Architect can explore green or sustainable design solutions for responsive, intelligent day lighting and dynamic thermal properties that can alter spatial characteristics and building performance.

Duales Pavilion - Hannover Expo 2000
立面1
来源[$copy] 2004 Vector Foiltec

立面2
来源[$copy] 2004 Vector Foiltec

室内透视
来源[$copy] 2004 Vector Foiltec

ETFE 与其他含氟聚合物的比较

尽管Fluon[$reg]ETFE 在化学品防护性，耐热性和电性能方面略逊色于PTFE(聚四氟乙烯) PFA, 可是与其他的热塑性含氟聚合物，如PVdF(聚偏氟乙稀), ECTFE(三氟氯乙烯)比较，它是一种有很好的稳定性的含氟聚合物

资料来源　http://www.fluon.jp/fluon/english/products/etfe/comparison.shtml

Clarke Quay, Singapore
ETFE cushions cover streets

More photos:
http://www.tensileworld.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=31

ETFE的建筑是很漂亮，本人曾对ETFE 材料进行过力学性能方面的研究！